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LT » Nano Theory » Far-from equilibrium effects

Far-from equilibrium effects

We study the effects arising in nanoelectronic systems when they are driven far from equilibrium. In these cases typically the electron energy distribution function deviates strongly from the thermal Fermi-Dirac distribution function. This deviation can then be used to characterize the observables of the (typically nonlinear) such as current or noise. In describing these effects, we typically employ the Keldysh Green's function technique with the quasiclassical formalism or the standard diagrammatic techniques.

Our recent publications connected to the far-from equilibrium effects are (to get the papers, follow the links in the Publications page):

1. Virtanen, P., Zou, J., Sosnin, I., Petrashov, V.T., and Heikkilä, T.T., "Phase states of multiterminal mesoscopic normal-metal-superconductor structures". Physical Review Letters, 99, 217003/1-4 (2007).
2. Kopnin, N.B. and Voutilainen, J., "Nonequilibrium charge transport in quantum SINIS structures". Physical Review B, 75, 174509/1l7 (2007).
3. Laakso, M.A., Virtanen, P., Giazotto, F., and Heikkilä, T.T., "Nonequilibrium characteristics in all-superconducting tunnel structures". Physical Review B, 75, 094507/1-7 (2007).
4. Heikkilä, T.T. and Ojanen, T., "Quantum detectors for the third cumulant of current fluctuations". Physical Review B, 75, 035335/1-12 (2007).
5. Crosser, M.S., Virtanen, P., Heikkilä, T., and Birge, N.O., "Supercurrent-induced temperature gradient across a nonequilibrium SNS Josephson junction". Physical Review Letters, 96 (2006).
6. Giazotto, F., Heikkilä, T., Luukanen, A., Savin, A., and Pekola, J., "Opportunities for mesoscopics in thermometry and refrigeration: Physics and applications". Reviews of Modern Physics, 78, 217-274 (2006).
7. Ojanen, T. and Heikkilä, T.T., "Quantum transition induced by the third cumulant of current fluctuations". Physical Review B, 73, 020501/1-4 (2006).
8. Voutilainen, J., Heikkilä, T., and Kopnin, N., "Nonequilibrium phenomena in multiple normal-superconducting tunnel heterostructures". Physical Review B, 72, 054505/1-10 (2005).
9. Giazotto, F., Heikkilä, T.T., Taddei, F., Fazio, R., Pekola, J.P., and Beltram, F., "Mesoscopic supercurrent transistor controlled by nonequilibrium cooling". Journal of Low Temperature Physics, 136, 435-452 (2004).
10. Giazotto, F., Heikkilä, T.T., Taddei, F., Fazio, R., Pekola, J., and Beltram, F., "Tailoring Josephson coupling through superconductivity-induced nonequilibrium". Physical Review Letters, 92, 137001 (2004).
11. Pekola, J.P., Heikkilä, T.T., Savin, A.M., Flyktman, J.T., Giazotto, F., and Hekking, F.W.J., "Limitations in cooling electrons using normal-metal-superconductor tunnel junctions". Physical Review Letters, 92, 056804/1-4 (2004).
12. Heikkilä, T.T., Vänskä, T., and Wilhelm, F.K., "Supercurrent-induced Peltier-like effect in superconductor/normal-metal weak links". Physical Review B, 67, 100502-1/4 (2003).